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KMID : 1023720160710040423
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Journal of Welfare for the Aged
2016 Volume.71 No. 4 p.423 ~ p.447
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Effect of Public Pension on Depression among Korean Older Adults： The Differences between Poor and Non-poor Households
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Kim Jeung-Kun
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Abstract
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The Public Pension System was designed to relieve economic hardships among older adults, and to increase their psychological comfort. However, comparing OECD countries, Korea has the highest poverty rate among older adults, which means that the public pension system is not fully developed. Few studies have analyzed how the amount of public pensions relates to older adults` psychological health. Using a nationally representative data sample of 3,473 participants, all 60 years and older, from the 2013 Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS), this study investigated how public pensions are associated with psychological health, particularly depressive symptoms, as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression Scale (CES-D). This study selected analysis variables based on a modified Andersen`s behavior model. Statistical analyses such as ANOVA, t-test, Chow-test, and multiple regression were run with an SAS statistical package to answer the research question. Results showed that the larger the portion of income comprised by public pension, the higher the likelihood of depressive symptoms, and that increased public pension amounts are only associated with decreased depressive symptom levels only among older adults living in poverty. These findings suggest that future policy should focus on both increasing public pension amounts, and providing reasonable alternative income sources for low-income older Koreans.
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KEYWORD
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Public Pension, Depression, Andersen Model, Income Security
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